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The development of genetics as a tool for the study of photosynthesis is recounted, beginning in the period when no genetic exchange mechanism was known for any photosynthetic microorganism, and ending with the sequencing of the key genes for photosynthesis.
This minireview traces the photosynthesis genes, their structure, function and expression in Rhodobacter sphaeroides 2.4.1, as applied to our understanding of the inducible photosynthetic intracytoplasmic membrane system or ICM. This focus has represented the research interests of this laboratory from the late 1960s to the present. This opportunity has been used to highlight the contributions of students...
Control of the synthesis of the purple bacterial photosystem has been an active area of research for many decades. The period of the 1960s involved physiological characterization of photosystem synthesis under different growth conditions. In the 1970s Barry Marrs and coworkers developed genetic tools that were used to define and map genes needed for synthesis of photopigments. The 1980s was a period...
Restriction endonuclease recognition sites and genes for rRNAs were first mapped on chloroplast chromosomes in 1975–1976. This marked the beginning of the application of molecular biology tools to photosynthesis research. In the first phase, knowledge about proteins involved in photosynthesis was used to identify plastid and nuclear genes encoding these proteins on cloned segments of DNA. Soon afterwards...
During the past 50 years, the green unicellular alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii has played a key role as model system for the study of photosynthesis and chloroplast biogenesis. This is due to its well-established nuclear and chloroplast genetics, its dispensable photosynthetic function in the presence of acetate, and its highly efficient nuclear and chloroplast transformation systems. Considerable...
The presence of chloroplast DNA was established in 1963. With the development of recombinant DNA technologies, chloroplast DNA was selected as one of the first candidates for genome sequencing. The first physical map was reported for maize chloroplasts in 1976. As tobacco has been popular as an experimental system, tobacco chloroplast DNA has been extensively analyzed and the complete nucleotide sequence...
This historical minireview traces the development and application of methods for gene-targeted and site-directed mutagenesis of photosynthesis genes in cyanobacteria (mainly Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803). This approach allowed important data to be obtained on the structure and function of Photosystem I and Photosystem II complexes. I describe some of the major contributions of molecular genetics and...
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